Fluid pressure control mechanism



wg ffl* R. R. STEVENS E'LUID PRESSURE CONTROL HCEANISE! Orig Filed Jun@ 25, 1942 ,5 SheeS-Sht l o la m2 a. Ti. 1 ua FLUID PRESSURE CONTROL MECHANISM R. R. STEVENS `original Filed June 23, 1942 3 sheets-sheet 2 INVENTOR Roy 1P. Stevem BY im ATTORNEY if B47. R. R. STEVENS 2,2592?? FLUID IRBSSURB CONTROL MBCHANISM Original Filad June 23. 1942 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 19, 1947 FLUID PRESSURE CONTROL MECHANISM Roy R. Stevens, Forest Hills, Pa., auignor to The Westinghouse Air Brake Company, Wilmerding, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Original application June 23, 1942. Serial No.

194s. sensi No. massi (ci. isz-.01)

15 Claims.

This invention relates to fluid pressure con- A trol mechanism and more yparticularly to manually controlled power means for controlling the operation of clutches, fuel supply devices for gov-- erning the speed or power output of internal combustion engines, etc., and is a division of my copending application, Serial No. 448,167, nled June 23, 1942.

In certain water craft internal combustion engines are employed for driving the propeller to propel the craft. .The engines are provided with fuel supply governing means which is adjustable to vary the power output or speed ofthe engine and thereby the speed of the craft, and a clutch is used to connect and disconnect the engine to and from thel propeller.

The clutch employed in certain of these craft has a driving part connected with the engine and a driven part connected with the propeller. The driven part has a forward position for cooperation with the driving part to impart forward movement of the craft, a reverse position for cooperation with the driving part to propel the craft in reverse and aneutral position intermediate the forward and reverse positions for disconnecting the engine and propeller. Power is required for moving the driven part of the clutch to each of its different positions. Such movement means of the over-center type which act in the forward and reverse positions to hold the driving and driven parts in driving relation with each other while in the neutral position the pressure means maintains the clutch driving and driven parts free of each other.4 After the driven part is moved to a selected position, the power employed for actuating .same may therefore be removed. Such removal of power is also desirable in order that the clutch parts including a thrust bearing usually employed between the power means and driven part of the clutch be relieved of an unnecessary load or force which might cause undue wear.

One object of the invention is the provision offen improved manually controlled power mechanism for selectively moving a device such as the driven part of a clutch to any one of a plurality of different positions.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a selective clutch control positioning power mechanism which is positive in operation in accordance with a selected movement of a manual control member.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a clutch control system operative autoof the driven part is usually opposed by pressure Divided and this application July l,

matically to compensate for wear in the clutch parts and in pin and link connections to'such parts, so as to insure positive and selective operation. of the clutch throughout its useful life.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a clutch control system embodying power means for moving the driven part of the clutch to any selected one of a plurality of dierent positions in accordance with a selected operation of a manual control element and also embodying 'means operative automatically to relieve the clutch of the power or force of said power means after and only after the attainment of such selected position has been assured.

Another -object of the invention is the provision of means for adjusting the fuel supply device for the engine to its engine idling position upon or prior to disengagement of the clutch.

Still another object of the invention is the provision of means for maintaining the fuel supply device adjusted to its idling position until after engagement of the clutch.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a system for controlling a clutch and the adjustment of a fuel supply device for an engine embodying a manual control device so designed as to insure adjustmentof the fuel supply device to provide for idling operation of the engine upon or prior to disengaging the clutch and for maintaining this adjustment of the fuel supply device until the clutch is subsequently engaged.`

Another object of the invention is the provision of a control system so designed and arranged as to insure automatic attainment of any and all of the above objects'with no attention on the part of the operator other than the move- .ment of a manual control lever or control hanshown in Fig. 1;'Figs. 3 and 4 are sectional views taken on the lines 3-3 and 4 4, respectively, of Fig. l; Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a modication of a portion of the structure shown in Fig. l; Figs. 6 to 8 are diagrammatic views, partly in section, of different embodiments of the invention; Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic view, mainly in section, of a portion of a clutch and fuel supply control system constructed in accordance with another eml V.Description'-li'iaures.1 to 4 In Fig. 1 the reference numeral I indicates a portion of a clutch housing which may contain a three position clutch. such as above described. A rock shaft 2 is provided for moving the driven part of the clutch in housing I to its different positions and this shaft is operable by a lever or arm 3 which has a "Forward" position, a Reverse position, and a Neutral or disengaged position for correspondingly positioning the driven part of the clutch. These postions are indicated by dash lines and appropriate legends in Fig. 1. and it will be noted that at one side of the "Neutral" position there are two positions designated "Reverse" and at the opposite side two positions designated Forward The two dash lines, designated "Forward and "Reverse" which are closest to the Neutral position of lever 3. indicate the extent of movement of said lever from "Neutral position for effecting engagement of the clutch to provide for movement of the craft either forwardly or in reverse when the clutch is new, while the two dash lines most.

remote from said lever at either vside thereof indicate positions which said lever will assume to condition the driven part of the clutch to provide for movement of the craft either forwardly or in reverse after the clutch parts have become worn. In other words the two dash lines designating Forward and/or "Reverse indicate the extreme positions which the arm 3 may attain during the life of a clutch.

The reference numeral 4 indicates a portion of a fuel supply device for an internal combustion engine. This device may be of any desired type capable of adjustment, as by a lever Il, to provide for varying speeds or degrees of output of the engine. The lever may therefore have an engine idling position in which it is shown and be movable therefrom in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in the drawing to increase the speed or output of the engine in accordance with the extent of such movement from idling position, the maximum speed or output being obtainable in a position such as indicated by a dash line 6.

The invention constitutes means for selectively moving the clutch control lever 3 to any one of its three dierent positions. for adjusting the fuel supply control lever 5. and for insuring that the fuel supply lever 8 will be in the engine idling position shown when engaging and disengaging a clutch by operation of the clutch lever 3 and at all times when said lever is out of its "Forward and Reverse" positions. To this end the control mechanism therefore comprises a clutch control device 1 for moving the clutch lever 3 to its different positions; a fuel supply control device 9 for adjusting the fuel supply lever B; a manual controller 3 for controlling the operation of the devices 1 and 8 and so arranged as to provide for the fuel supply lever 8 being in engine idling position when the clutch controlled by lever 3 is disengaged; a cutoff valve device I Il provided to relieve the clutch operating lever 8 of force upon completion ofmovement of the clutch to any selected position; an interlock valve device II provided to insure that the fuel supply control lever 8 will remain in idling position until after the clutch controlled by arm 8 is engaged; and a double check valve device I 2.

ananas The clutch control device 1 comprises a cylinder I3 having a piston bore closed at one end by a pressure head I9 and at the opposite end by a pressure head I1. A master or clutch control piston I8 for controlling the `positioning of clutch arm 3 is slidably mounted in the bore in casing Il and has a rod I9 extending through the pressure head I1. A suitable packing 20 is provided around the rod I9 and secured to head I 1 for preventing leakage of fluid under pressure from a chamber 2l, provided at one side of the piston, past said rod to the atmosphere.

Anut 22 is secured to the end of rod I9 projecting from or beyond the pressure head I1 and to this nut is secured. by means of a pin 23, one end of a clevis 24. An eye bolt 28 has one end secured in the opposite'end of clevis 24 by screwthreaded engagement, and carries a lock nut 29 for engagement with the end of the clevis to hold the eye bolt rigid with respect to said nut in an adjusted position. The other end of the eye bolt is mounted between jaws 21 provided in the end of the clutch control lever 3 and is pivotally connected to the jaws by means or a pin 29.

As above mentioned, the piston I8 has at one Y side a pressure chamber 2|. At the opposite side of this piston is a pressure chamber 30 and these two chambers are connected by pipes 3l and 32, respectively, to a master controller which is rigidly associated with the cylinder Il by being preferably mounted on a bracket 39 which projects from the pressure head I3.

The controller 35 comprises a casing or body portion 31 and a cover portion 38 secured to the upper end of the body portion. A lever 39 having one end fulcrumed in the casing 31 extends through a slot 40 provided in the top wall of cover 33, the fulcrum and said slot providing for rocking movement of the lever only in a direction parallel to the axis of the cylinder I5. Between the fulcrum for lever 99 and the adjacent end of` the cylinder I5 is a valve device 4I arranged for operation by lever 39 upon counterclockwise movement from a neutralv position shown for supplying fluid under pressure to chamber 30 in cylinder Ii and upon movement in the reverse direction for releasing uid under pressure from said chamber while maintaining the supply communication to the chamber closed. At the opposite side of the fulcrum for lever 39 is a valve device 42 for supplying fluid under pressure to and releasing same from pressure chamber 2| upon rocking of the lever 39 first in a clockwise direction from neutral and then in a counterclockwise direction toward neutral.

Both of the valve devices 4I and 42 may be identical in structure and as shown in Fig. 2 each may comprise a supply valve 43 contained in a chamber 44 and a' release valve 45 contained in a chamber 48. Both of these valves are mounted on a common stem 41 which extends through an opening 48 connecting the chambers 44 and 4B. This opening is encircled in chamber 44 by an annular seat rib 49 arranged to be engaged by the supply valve 43 for closing communication between the chamber 44 and chamber Y so arranged as to prevent leakage of duid under pressure from said chamber past the plunger communication between chamber 48 and the chamber 54. A light bias spring 58 inchamber 48 acts on the plunger 5| for urging same and thereby the plunger 52 in a direction away from the release valve 45.

The supply valve chamber 44 in each of the valve devices 4| and 42 is connected by a passage 88 to a cavity 8| arranged to be supplied with iluld under pressure through a pipe 82. The chamber 48 in the valve device 4| is connected to the pipe I2, while in the valve device l42 said chamber is connected to the pipe 3|.

The lever 29 is provided with two oppositely arranged arms 8| terminating respectively over the two plungers 52 of the valve devices 4| and 42. and in the end of each of these arms is an adjusting screw 82 arranged to engage the respective plunger 52. A lock nut 83 is provided on each screw 82 for securing same in an adjusted l position. f

With the lever 89 in neutral position at right angles to the axis of piston rod I9. both adjusting screws 82 are so adjusted that plungers 52 and 5| in the two valve devices 4| and 42 will be positioned substantially as shown in Fig. 2, in

which position the plunger 5| is just disengaged from or out o! sealing contact with the release valve 45. When so adjusted, the pressure chamber 38 in the cylinder I5 will be opened through the pipe 32 and past the release valve 45 in the valve device 4| to chamber 54 and thence to the atmosphere. Also chamber 2| at the opposite side of the master piston i8 will be open to the atmosphere past the release valve 45 inthe valve device 42.

Rocking of the lever 39 in a counterclockwise direction from its neutral position will shift the plungers 52 and 5I in the valve device 4| ln a downwardly .direction against the pressure of bias spring 59. This movement initially will'be relative to the release valve 45 and then plunger 5| will engage said valve to close communication between chamber 45 and atmospheric chamber 54. Further downward movement of the plungers 52 and 8| will then act to move the release valve 45 and thereby the supply valve 48 in a downwardly direction and unseat the supply valve 43 from the seat rib 48. With the supply valve 48 unseated flid under pressure will fiowefrom the supply pipe 82 past said valve to chamber 46 and thence through the pipe 32 to pressure chamber 3@ in the cylinder device I5 for acting on the master piston I8 to eiect movement thereof in the direction of the left-hand. Return of the lever 88 to its neutral position will first permit seating of the supply valve 43 by spring 58 and then movement of plunger 5| away from the release valve 45, due to which, fluid under pressure will be released from chamber 38 in the cylinder i5 past said release valve to atmosphere. Likewise. movement of the lever 39 in a clockwise direction from its neutral position shown will rst seat the release valve 45 and then unseat the supply valve 43 in the valve device 42 so as at its opposite end is an annular outturned ange K to supply uid under pressure from pipe l2 through pipe 8| to pressure chamber 2| in the cylinder device l5. while return oi the lever to neutral position will open chamber 2| to atmosphere past the release valve 45 in valve device 42.

For reasons to he hereinafter described, it is desired to limit movement of the lever 89 out o! its neutral position shown, in both directions to a degree Just sufficient to insure opening oi' the supply valve 42 in the valve devices 4| or 42 an amount which will provide for prompt charging ofthe respective pressure chambers Il or 2l with iiuid under pressure. To accomplish this end the length o! the slot 45 may be limited so that the opposite ends 84 thereof may act as stops for engagement by lever 28.

A pilot device 1I is rigidly secured to the cylinder. and comprises a cylinder 1| having a piston bore 12. One end o! the cylinder 1I is open and secured over this open end is a cup shaped pressure head 18. A piston 14 is mounted to slide in the bore 12 and is rigidly connected to one end oi a piston rod 15 which extends through a. suitable bore in preure head 18'and a packing 18 secured to said head.

'.Tne pilot piston 14 comprises two pressure heads 11 and 18 which are spaced apart and integrally connected, and between these heads is a chamber 19 which is in constant communication withvthe atmosphere through a communication or port 84 provided in the piston rod 15. At the oppositeside of pressure head 11 is a pressure chamber 88, and a suitable packing cup 8| is secured 'to said pressure head for preventing leakage of iluid under pressure from said chambe; to chamber 19. The pressure head 18 has at its opposite face a pressure chamber 82 and is provided with a packing cup 83 arranged to prevent leakage from said chamber to the atmospheric chamber 19.

Two stops 85 vand 88 are slidably mounted on the piston rod 15 in chamber 82. One end of stop 85 is arranged to engage the piston head 18 and 81 arranged to cooperate with an annular shoulder 81a provided in cylinder 1| to limit movement thereof in the direction of the right-hand. The stop 88 is provided with an annular interned shoulder 88 at one end arranged to cooperate with a shoulder 88a on the piston rod 15 for moving said stop in the direction of the right-hand upon corresponding movement oi the piston rod 15 from the position shown. The opposite end of stop 88 is arranged to engage the closed end of pressure head 13 to limit movement of the stop in the direction of the left-hand. A coil spring 88, under initial compression and encircling the piston rod 15, bears at one end against the stop 85 and at the opposite end against stop 88.

From the above description it will be seen that in'case of movement of the piston rod 15 and piston 14 in the direction of the right-hand, the stop 88 and engaged end of spring 89 will move with said rod, .but the stop 85 will remain stationary and such movement of the piston 14 will therefore be opposed by spring 89 and limited by contact between the stop 86 and a ring 80 clamped between the cylinder 1l and pressure head 18. Upon movement of the piston rod 15 and -piston 'I4 in the direction of the left-hand. the stop 85 will remain stationary while the stop 85 will move with said piston so that the spring 89 will be opposite this movement and the movement will be limited by engagement of stop' 85 with ring 90. Engagement between shoulder` 88 on stop 85 menaces and shoulder a on piston rod 10, and between the shoulder 01 on stop 00 and shoulder 01a in cylinder 1| acts to limit expansion of spring Il upon movement of piston 18 in either direction toward the neutral position shown so as to thereby denne said position.

The outer end of piston rod 'l0 is connected to a cross-head 0| which is mounted to slide in a slot provided intermediate the ends and extending longitudinally of a lever 02. One end of this lever is pivotally connected by a pin Il to nut 22 on the end of the m'aster piston rod I0, while its opposite end is connected by a pin 04 to one end of a member 00, the opposite end of which member is adiustably connected by screw-threads to one end of a reach rod 00. The opposite end of rod 90 is adjustably connected by screw-threads to one end of a member 01 the opposite end of which is connected by a pin 00 to the end of lever 08 projecting through slot I0 in cover 00 of the controller 30. Locking nuts 00 areA provided on the reach rod 80 for contact with the members 00 and 01 in order to provide a rigid connection between the lever 02 at one end of the reach rod and lever 00 at the opposite end.

The fuel supply control device 0 comprises a casing containing a movable abutment |00 which may be in the form of a piston slidably mounted in the casing and connected to one end of a rod |0|. This rod extends through a chamber |03 at one side of piston |00 and through the end of the casing and its outer end is arranged for connecthe lever 0 of the fuel control device 4. The

chamber |03 is open to the atmosphere through clearance space (not shown) provided between the rod and the bore in the end of the casing through'which it extends, and said chamber oontains a. spring |04 acting on the piston urging it to the position shown. At the opposite side f piston 00 is a chamber |00 which is connected to a pipe |00 through which fluid under pressure may flow to said chamber for adjusting the position of piston |00 in said chamber and thereby the position of the fuel control lever 0 in accordance with the degree of pressure of fluid supplied .to the chamber and the opposing pressure of movement of the piston |00 and thereby of the fuel control arm 0 to that indicated by the 'dash line 0 which provides for full output or speed of the engine. The arm `0 may be adjusted to any position intermediate idling position and that indicated by the dash line 0 by providing the proper degree of fluid pressure in the piston chamber |00. as will be apparent.

'I'he manual controller 0 is provided to selectively supply or release iluid under pressure to or from clutch control pipes ||0l and leading to chambers 02 and 80, respectively, at opposite sides of piston in the pilot device 10. The controller 9 is also provided to vary the pressure of fluid in pipe |00 and thereby in the pressure chamber |00 in the fuel supply control device 0 to provide various chosen degrees of speed or power output of the engine, and to also effect venting of iluid under pressure from said pipe and chamber to provide for operation of the engine at idling speed, prior to disengaging the clutch and until afterthe Vclutch is engaged by operation of the clutch control device 1. To accomplish these results, the manual controller 0 may be of any suitable structure such for example as similar to that disclosed in the cepending application of Rankin J. Bush and William H. Glass, Serial No. 400,266, nled June 28, 1941. now Patent No. 2,329,742, issued September 2l, 1943. In view of this and also with a view to simplicity in the present application only a sufficient showing of the manual controller 0 is thereforemade in Figs. 1, 3 and 4 of the drawings to provide a clear and comprehensive understanding of the invention when taken with the following description.

The manual controller 0 may comprise a base or body portion I2 best shown in Fig. 3 containing four valve devices ||3, ||4, ||0 and ||0 as best shown in Fig. 1 spaced ninety degrees apart around a, circle. Pivotally mounted in the body portion at the center of this circle is an operating lever ||1 capable of movement toward and away from each of said valve devices.

The valve device ||4 is provided for causing engagement of the clutch to propel the craft in a forwardly direction while the valve device ||3 is provided for eil'ecting engagement of the clutch to propel the craft in the reverse direction. These valve devices are therefore preferably located in the body portion ||2 of the manual controller diametrically opposite each other with the valve device ||0 in the right-hand side of the body portion, as viewed in Fig. l, which side may be assumed to be facing the front of the craft, while the valve device H0 is therefore disposed in the side of the body facing the stern of the craft. Each of the valve devices ||0 and ||4 may be identical in structurewith the valve devices 4| and 42 employed in the controller 30. For operating the valve devices ||3 and ||4 two oppositely disposed levers |20 and |20 (Fig. 3) are pivoted in the base H2. The lever |25 is arranged for controlling the valve device ||3 and has an adjusting screw |21 in one end thereof for engaging the plunger 02v of the valve device, while the lev'er |20 is provided for controlling the valve device H4 and has an adjusting screw '|28 in one end for engaging the plunger 02 f the valve device ||0. The opposite ends of the two levers |20 and |20 are arranged to engage opposite portions of a, frusta-conical shaped cam |29 which is provided on the lever ||1. I'his cam is so` arranged that movement of the lever in the direction of either of the valve devices will depress the plunger 02 of that valve device to close the release valve 40 and open the supply valve 43 therein. When one of the valve devices H3, ||4 is thus operated to open its supply valve 43 the other valve device remains in the condition with its release valve 05 open. The adjusting screws |21 and |28 are so regulated that the release valves 00 in both of the valve devices ||3 and ||4 are open when the lever ||1 is in its neutral position shown in Fig. 3.

'I'he valve device ||0 is provided for varying the pressure of fluid in chamber |05 of the fuel control device 1, after the valve device ||3 has been operated to cause movement of the craft in reverse, while the valve device ||6 is provided for varying the pressure of duid in chamber |05 after the valve device I0 has been operated to cause movement of the craft in a forwardly direction.

Both of the valve devices il! and H8 may be o! a structure like that shown in Fig. 4 which is identical to that shown in Fig. 2 except that two telescopically arranged plungers |3| and |32 are used in place of plungers and 52, and a control spring i3@ is interposed between and connects the plungers |3| and |32. The body portion H2 of the controller carries a lever |33 (Fig. 4) for4 operating the plunger |3 of each of the valve devices il@ and i i6. 'I'hese levers 833 (only one of which is shown) may be like the levers |125 and i 2.@ which are provided for operating the valve devices H3 and. Hd in that in one end of each is an adjusting screw i3d provided for engaging the respective plunger mi, while the opposite end of the lever is arranged for voperation by cam |29 provided on the operating lever iill.

Movement of the lever in the direction of either of the valve devices H5 or |55 will, as will be apparent, move the plunger |3i in the valve device in a downwardly direction, as viewed in Fig. 4. This movement of plunger iti will act to increase the press'ure of spring i3d on the plunger H32 and therefore cause movement of the latter into contact with the release valve d.

,Further movement of the plunger it? under the action of spring it@ will then cause opening of the supply valve d3 in order to permit flow of uid under pressure from a supply-pipe i3d (Fig. 4) past the supply valve @Sito chamber 38 from which, in the valve device Ii, it will ow to pipe i i8, and from which, in the valve device llt, it will iiow to pipe H9. `liluid under. pressure will thus be supplied past the supply valve d3 to chamber d6 in either of the valve devices H5 or ll until the pressure in said chamber acting on the plunger |32 is increased suillciently to overcome the opposing adiusted pressure of spring |30 at which time the plunger |32 will be moved upwardly relative to the plunger i3| to a position in which the supply valve d3 luze-V comes seated to prevent further now of'uid under pressure to chamber d6.

It the lever ill is moved further in the direc- -l0 in chamber 46 a pressure corresponding to the position of the lever l l1.

From the above description it will be seen that with the lever Ill in its normal or neutral, vertical position as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, both valve devices IIB and ||6 will be eective to cause a complete release of iiuid under pressure from the connected pipes ||8 and H0, respectively. Movement oi' the lever ill out of its normal position toward the top of the drawing, as viewed in Fig. i, will cause operation of the valve device HS to provide uid in pipe il@ at a pressure depending upon the position od the lever away from normal position, while the valve device H5 will act to maintain the pipe H0 open to the atmosphere. -On the other hand movement of the lever/lll out of normal position toward the lower portion of the manual controller, as

viewed in Fig. l, will cause operation of the valve e device H5 to provide iiuid in pipe H8 ata pressure corresponding to the position of the lever out or normal position, while the valve device lid will maintain the pipe ||9 open to the atmosphere.

.A cover i2! is secured to the top of the base or body portion H2 and is provided with a slot |22 through which the lever lll extends to the exterior of the cover. This slot is located intermediate the valve devices H5 and lle and extends generally in the direction of the valve clevices il and IIS and thus in the direction fore -and aft oi' the craft. The right-hand end of slot |22 is open to one end o! a slot |23 extending in the general direction o! the valve device ||6 while the left-hand end of slot |22 is open to one end of, a slot |24 extendingjin the general direction of valve device'l i5. These slots act to define the path of movement oi lever lill and it will be seen that the slot |22 acts to maintain the lever against movement 1n the direction of valve devices IIE and HB in order that said valve devices will maintain the pipes H8 and il@ open tion of the valve device I5 or H8, a. correspond-A y ing further increase in downward movement of plunger |3| and in pressure ofspring |30 is eected in the respective device to cause operation of plunger |32 to again open the supply valve 3 for increasing the pressure of iiuid in chamber 46 in accordance with the new position of the plunger |3| and lever Movement of lever lil in a direction away from the valve device H5 or IIS back toward its normal position shown permits movement of the plunger |3| in the valve device in a direction away -from the plunger |32 to thereby reduce the pressure `of spring |30 onthe plunger |32. .As

a result, the pressure of fluid in chamber 6 will move the plunger |32 in an upwardly direction and away from the release valve 45, so that uid under pressure in chamber 46 will be released past the release valve 45. It the lever v||`| is returned fully to its normal position, the pressure of spring |30 in valve device H5 or Ii will be reduced to such an extent that a complete release of fluid under pressure from cham-- `to the atmosphere. Movement of the lever lll in slot |22 in the direction of the right-hand end of the slot will effect operation of the valve device |l4 while movement to the opposite end o! the slot will effect operation of the valve device H3.

' After the lever has attained the position at the right-hand end of slot |22 for causing operation of valve device I4, it may then be moved into slot |23 to actuate the valve device 8 for supplying iiuid under pressure to pipe H9. Likewise, after the lever ||1 has attained a position at the left-hand end oi slot |22, it may be moved intothe slot |24 to actuate the valve device H5 for supplying iluid under pressure to the pipe H8.

The slot |22 is shown in the drawing as extending parallel to the length of the craft while the slots |23 and |24 are shown as being at jright anglesto slot |22. This structure is merely illustrative gince,'if desired, the slot |22 may be arranged at an angle to that shown in order to facilitate movement of the lever between slot |22 and slots |23 and |24, so long as the degree of angular-ity is not sumcient to cause operation of either oi the valve devices I5 or ||6 at the ends of the slot |22 to supply fluid under pres.- suretotheir respective pipes ||8 or H9.

The cut-oil valve device i0 comprises two oppositely seating valves |40 and |4| both of which are contained in a chamber-|42 which is connected to the pipe 0 2 leading to the controller 35. The valve |40 is provided for controlling communication between chamber |42 and a chamber |43 which is constantly supplied with fluid under pressure by way of a pipe |44. 'I'he valve |4| is arranged to control communication between chamber |42 and a cavity or bore |45 which is open to the atmosphere through a plurality of ports |45.

The cut-oi!I valve device I further comprises a movable abutment preferably in the form of a flexlblediaphragm |41 arranged in coaxial relation with the valves |40 and |4I and having at one side a pressure chamber |45 which is open to a pipe |48 leading to the pilot cylinder 1| and opening to the interior thereof at a point preferably midway between the piston heads 11 and 18 when in their neutral position shown. The opposite side of diaphragm |41 engages a follower |50 which has a stem I5I, the en'd of which stem is slidably mounted in bore |45y for engagement with the stem oi valve I4I. An

adjusting nut |52 encircling the stem I5| hasv screw-threaded engagement with the casing of the device and supports one end of a control spring I 55, the opposite end of which spring acts on the follower |50. A lock nut |54 provided on the adIusting nut |52 is arranged for contact with the casing for securing the adjusting nut in a desired position.

Deflection of the diaphragm |41 in a down-v wardly direction, in response to the pressure of i'iuid supplied to chamber |45 to a degree exceeding the opposing pressure of spring |53, will unseat the valve I4I and seat the valve |40, while upon the release oi' fluid pressure from chamber |45 spring |53 acts to return the diaphragm |41 to its normal position shown, under which latter condition spring |45' in chamber |48 will unseat the valve I 40 and seat the valve I4I.

The interlock valve device II comprises a casing containing two oppositely seating coaxially arranged valves I 51 and |58 having iluted stems which extend through suitable bores and engage each other in a chamber |58 to which the pipe I 05 is connected. The valve |51 is contained in a chamber |50 connected to a pipe |20 and is provided for controlling communication between this pipe and pipe |05. The valve |58 is contained in a bore |5| which is in constant communication with the atmosphere through a port |52 and is arranged to control communication between this bore and chamber |55. A spring |55 in chamber |50 acts on the valve |51 for seating same and unseating the valve |55.

The interlock valve device II further comprises a piston |54 having at one side a stem |55 slidably mounted in the bore I5I. This stem extends through a chamber |55 which is in constant communication with bore I5| through a port I51in the stem, and a spring |55 encircling stem |55 in chamber |55 acts on the piston |54- for urging it to its normal position shown. The

piston |54 is operatively connected to the valve |55 by a spring |55 interposed between said valve and the bottom oi' a bore in stem |55. At the opposite side of piston |54 is a chamber I 10 which is connected to pipe |48.

A check valve device I1I is provided in pipe I 05 between the interlock valve device I and the fuel supply control device 5 to permit a relatively rapid flow of fluid under pressure from chamber |05 in the fuel supply control devce 5 in the direction of the interlock valve device iI but to prevent flow therethrough in the opposite direcl2 to chamber |05 in the fuel supply control device 5.

Operation-Fics. 1 to 4 In operation. let it be initially assumed that lever II1 in the manual controller 5 is in the NeutraPor vertical position as shown in Figs. 1 and 8. With the lever in this position, the several valve devices I I8, I I4, I5 and I5 will be conditioned to open the pipes II|.I I5, III, and II8, respectively, to the atmosphere. The chambers and 52 at the opposite sides of the pilot piston 14 will thus be at atmospheric pressure and as a result of this spring 55 acting on said piston will hold the piston in its neutral position as shown. While the pilot piston 14 occupies its` neutral position. the parts of .the controller and the clutch control piston I5 in the cylinder I5 will occupy their normal or neutral positions as shown, as will be clear from the description of operation to follow. With the piston I5 in its neutral position. the clutch control lever 5 will also'be in its Neutral" position. thus disconnecting the engine on the craft from the propeller.

With the pilot piston 14 in its neutral position, diaphragm chamber |45 in the cut-ofi' valve device I5 and piston chamber |10 in the interlock valve device II will both be open to the atmosphere through chamber 15 formed between the two piston heads 11 and 18 of the pilot piston and bore 54 in the pilot piston rod 15. As a result, spring |55 in the cut-off valve device will act to maintain the diaphragm |41, follower |50. and stem |5I in their upper positions as shown, under which condition the valve I4| will be seated and the valve |45 will be unseated by spring |45', so that fluid under pressure will be supplied from any suitable source by way of pipe |44 to the valve chamber |42 and thence through pipe 52 to chamber 5I in -the controller 25 (Fig. 2) and from said chamber through passage 50 to the supply valve chamber 44 in each of the valve devices 4I and 42. With the lever 38 of controller 85 in its neutral position as shown, however, the supply valve 43 in both oi' the valve devices 4| and 4.2 will be seated to prevent ilow of fluid under pressure out of chamber 44, and the releasel valve 45 in both of said devices will be unseated as above described. so that the chambers 2| and 80 at opposite sides of the clutch control piston I8 will both be open to the atmosphere.

With piston chamber |10 in the interlock valve device II open to the atmosphere, spring |55 will hold the piston |54 in the position shown under which condition spring |55 will hold the valve |51 seated and the valve |55 unseated. With the valve |55 unseated, chamber |05 in the fuel supthe operator will move the lever I|1 from its Neutral position in which it is shown to the right-hand end of slot |22, this movement being toward the front of the craft or in the direction of desired movement. 'I'his movement of lever Ii1 will not change the condition of the valve 75 device ||5 as a result of which the pipe ||I will be maintained open to the atmosphere through said valve device. The valve device ||4 will be operated, however, to supply fluid under pressure through pipe III) to chamber 82 at one side of the pilot piston 16. Since chamber 8D at the opposite side of the pilot piston 14 is open to the atmosphere at this time by way oi pipe HI, the pressure of iiuid thus attained in chamber 82 and acting on piston 74 will move the piston in the direction ci the right-hand.

The resistance to movement of the clutch control piston i8 is suiiiciently great to hold the connected end of the lever 92 substantially iixed upon movement of the pilot piston it by iiuid supplied to chamber 82 as just described, and as a result said lever will be rocked about the fulcrum pin 93 in a clockwise direction and thereby shift the reach rod 96 in the direction of the right-hand. This movement of rod 9S will rock lever 39 in the controller 35 in a clockwise direction into engagement with stop Bi provided at the right-hand end of slot 4|). Only `a slight movement of the pilot piston 'i4 from its neutral position relative te the clutch control piston I8 is required to move the controller lever 38 into engagement with the right-hand end of slot 0 after which further movement of the pilot piston 'It is dependent upon movement of the clutch control piston I8, as will now be described.

When the levery 39 is rocked into contact with stop 6d ait the right-hand end of slot t8, the

valve device @li will maintain chamber 38l at the right-hand side of the clutch control piston I8 open to the atmosphere by way of pipe 32 and past the exhaust valve 45 in said device, while the valve device |32 will lbe operated to close fthe release communication to chamber 2| at the lefthand side of the clutch control piston I8 and to supply uid under pressure thereto.

When .the pressure of i'luid thus supplied to Vchamber 2| becomes increased to a sufficient degree, said pressure acting on the clutch control piston I8 will move the piston and thereby the piston rod i9 in the direction of the right-hand which in turn will rock the clutch controllever 8 in clockwise direction from "Neutral position toward Forward position. At the same time, the fulcrumpin 93 in the lower end of lever 92 moves with rod I9 so that the lever 92 will rock in a counterclcckwise direction about the fulcrum connection at pin 94 with rod 98 which connection is maintained iiXed at this time by the pressure of uid in chamber 82 acting on the pilot piston 14, but the pilot piston-Will move with the clutch control 4piston, i8 upon this rocking oi lever 92.

Thus after the initial movement of pilot piston '14 relative to the clutchcontrol piston I8, further movement of the pilot piston will occur only with the piston I8 and the pilot piston will maintain the lever 39 in its right-hand position to continue supply of iiuid under pressure to chamber 2| and thereby movement of the clutch .control piston I8 toward the right-hand.

The clutch con-trol piston I8 will continue to move in the direction of the right-hand under the action of iiuid pressure in chamber 2| and corresponding movement of .the pilot piston will continue until stop 88 on the pilot piston rod 8 moves into contact with stop ring 98' which stops the pilot piston against further movement. At this rtime the clutch control piston I8 will be substantially in the forward position for a new clutch and still subject to iiuid pressure luchamber 3|).

When the pilot system 14 is stopped lby ring 98 in the cut-oil! valve device II! and when suiiicient pressure is attained in chamber |48 to overcome the opposing pressure of control spring |53, the diaphragm |41 will be deiiected downwardly to open valve IAI and close valve Hi8.

This closing oi valve |48 will cut ofi the supply of uid under pressure to pipe 82 and thus through the valve device 42 in controller 3E to Achamber 2| inthe cylinder I3, while the opening of valve I4| in the cut-oii valve device will vent fluid under pressure from said chamber past the supply valve 43 inthe valve device t2 andl thence to atmosphere past the valve il. Thisrelease of uid under pressure from chamber 2| on the clutch control piston i8 after the clutch arm 3 attains its Forward position will relieve said arm and thus the thrust bearings as well as other parts of the clutch of the force used for moving the clutch to its forward position, so as toprevent undue wear'of such parts.

With the clutch in a new and proper condition. the cut-od valve device i8 may operate to release the uid under pressure from piston chamber 2|, as Just described, substantially at the time of or immediately following the opening of pipe |48 to chamber 82. Wear ci the clutch may however require a greater extent of movement of piston I8 and clutch operating arm 3 as before described and as will be seen by the legends applied to Fig. 1. Also, undue resistance to movement o! a clutch part from its neutral position to forward position,'orv different degrees of movement of the clutch arm 3 required for moving the driven parts of diierent clutches from their neutral position to their forward position may also require the maintenance oi pressure on piston |8 for a period of time after the pilot piston It obtains the position for opening pipe |49 to chamber 82.

- In order to insure adequate movement of the clutch control piston |8 to meet conditions such as just set forth, the pressure of spring |53 on diaphram |61 in the cut-off valve device i0A may be so adjusted by nut |52 as to require a greater pressure of fluid in chamber |48 on said diaphragm -for closing valve |49 and opening valve I4I than acting in chamber 82 at the time chamber 82 is opened to pipe |49. This greater pressure will be obtained from the manual con- `trol1er 9 at the end of a delay period following the opening of chamber 82 to pipe |49 by the pilot piston 14. During this delay period, which is dependent upon the adjusted pressure of spring |53, the pressure oi' uid in chamber 2| will remain effective on the clutch control piston I8 to insure a suiiicient continued effort or movement thereof relative to the pilot piston 'I4 for proper positioning of the arm 3 and clutch parts in the forward position. The adjustability of spring |53 therefore provides for the adjustment or conditioning of the apparatus to any particular clutch or clutch condition such as above described.

In Fig. 5 is shown another structurefarranged to insure adequate movement of the clutch control arm 3 and piston I8, after the pilot piston 14 stops moving, in order to properly position said arm and connected clutch part. According to this modication, a timing chamber |12' is connected to the diaphragm chamber |48 and is also cona choke |14 arranged in a communication bypassing the check valve. The check valve |13 is arranged to prevent now of fluid in the direction from pipe |48 to chamber |12' but to allow relatively rapid flow in the opposite direction, while the choke I 14 is arranged to limit or restrict the rate of flow of iluid under pressure from pipe |49 into chamber |12' and diaphragm chamber |48. By this arrangement there will be a delay between the opening ofpipe |49 to chamber 82 at one side of the pilot piston 14 and the operation of diaphragm |41 in the cut-oil valve device to close the supply valve |48 and open the release valve I 4|, during which delay the piston I8 may continue to be effective to ensure desired positioning oi' the clutch control lever 3. It should be noted, however, that this delay need not be dependent upon a continued increase in pressure in chamber 82 after the' pilot piston 14 connects said chamber to pipe |48 like the structure in Fig. l, but instead is governed by the flow capacity of choke |13 with respect to the combined volumes of the timing chamber |12 and diaphragm chamber |48 and the adjusted pressure of spring |53 on the diaphragm |41, since, as will be apparent, the choke will retard the build-up in pressure on the diaphragm |41 to the degree required to overcome the opposing pressure of the spring |83. The length of this delay Y period may be varied by a suitable adjustment of spring |33 on the diaphragm- 41, sinc'e a greater pressure of said spring will require a higher fluid pressure in chamber |48 on the diaphragm to overcome the spring that is required to overcome a lower pressure of the spring, and it follows that a longer period of time will therefore be required to attain this higher fluid pressure on the diaphragm than the lower uid pressure. By proper adjustment oi the pressure of spring |53, an adequate continued movement of the clutch control piston I8 may therefore be assured after the pilot piston 14 opens pipe |49 to chamber 82 to insure movement oi' the clutch arm 3 to Forward position regardless of the wear condition of the clutch or any other condition which may act to delay or oppose the desired positioning of the clutch arm 3.

With the structure shown in Fig. 5 the operation of the cut-cil' valve device I8 to cut-off the supply of fluid under pressure to the controller 35 and piston chamber 2| may of course occur at a pressure higher than the one acting on piston 14'at the time pipe |48 is opened to chamber 82, like the structure shown in Fig. 1, but if desired, the structure may be designed to so operate even before the pressure in diaphragm chamber |48 is built up to that acting in chamber 82 on the pilot piston, since, as above pointed out, the delayed operation of the cut-off valve device I0 need not be dependent upon any certain degree of pressure in chamber 82 on the pilot piston 14, like the structure shown in Fig. 1.

From the above description it will be noted that the cut-oifvalve device I8 may operate to cut-oi! the supply of fluid under pressure to chamber 2| and vent said chamber immediately following or at the termination of some chosen time interval after. the opening of pipe |49 to chamber 82.

In an installation where the cut-oil valve device operatesl substantially at the time that pipe |48 is opened to chamber 82. it is essential that the clutch control piston I8 will have moved the clutch the stop 94 at the right-hand end of slot 48. to such a degree as to Just cause opening. cf the supply valve 43 in the valve device 42. Further movement of the pilot piston toward the position for opening chamber 82 to pipe |48 will then take place only as the clutch control piston I8 moves as above described, and it has been found that by the proper restricting of movement of lever 39, the opening of chamber 82 to pipe |48 can be delayed until the clutch control piston Il substantially attains the desired clutch engaging position. In other words, positive positioning of the clutch controlpiston I8 is obtained by so limiting the initial movement of the pilot piston 14 relative to the clutch control piston that the clutch control piston closely follows the pilot piston and substantially attains the desired clutch position by the time the pilot piston attains the position for supplying fluid under pressure to the cut-ofi' valve device.

After the pilot piston 14 is stopped in its righthand position, continued movement of the clutch controlpiston I9 will rock the lever 82 in a counterclockwise direction about its fulcrum connection with the pilot piston rod 84 and thus operate the reach rod 99 to rock the controller lever 39 in the same direction and away from the stop 94 at the right-hand end of slot 48. This movement of lever 89 will continue until the piston I8 stops, but for the maximum movement of piston |8 toward the right end of cylinder I3 such movement of lever I9 will only be slight and not sufilcient to' operate lever 98 to a positionV in which the supply valve 43 in the valve device 42 will be closed. In other words, the supply valve 43 in the valve device 42 will remain open under the most extreme conditions of movement oi' the piston I8 in order that the cut-oil valve device I may operate to release fluid under pressure from chamber 2|,

as above described.

At the time the operator moves the lever ||1 in the'slot |22 to the right-hand end thereof or toward the front of the craft, he may either allow the handle to remain in that position until after the clutch has been engaged, es above described,

'or he may continue movement into the slot |23 after the clutch has been engaged he will then lever 3 to its Forward" position and this is attained by limiting rocking movement of the controller lever 39, in any desired manner as by move it into the slot |23 to a desired position.

Movement of the lever II1 into the slot |23 will cause operation of the valve device 8 to supply fluid to pipe ||9 at a pressure depending upon the extent of movement oi the lever into the slot |23, that is to say, in a direction away from the juncture of the slots |22 and |23. Fluid thus supplied to pipe ||9 will flow to the double check valve device I2 and therein acts on one end of a double check valve |15, the opposite end of which is open to the atmosphere at this time by way of pipe |I3 and valve device IIB. As a result. the double check valve |15 will be shifted by pressure of fluid from pipe I8 to the position shown in the drawing for closing communication between pipes |28 and ||8 and for opening pipe |28 to pipe ||9. Fluid at the pressure supplied to pipe I I9 will then flow through pipe |28 into valve chamber |68 of the interlock valve device II.

Chamber |18 below piston |64 in the interlock valve device II will be vented to the atmosphere by way of pipe |49 and chamber'19 between the pilot piston heads 11 and'18 until the pilot piston 14 operates to supply uid under pressure to the cut-oi! valve device I8. Fluid pressure thus supplied to pipe |48for operating the cut-ofi' valve casacca l? device as above described, will at the same time iiow into chamber |10 and therein act on piston |66 to move same against spring |88 and into contact with a seal |18. This movement oi piston it acts through the spring |68 to seat the valve |58 for closing communication between chamber |08 in the fuel supply control device 3 and the atmospheric port |62. At the same time as valve |58 is seated the valve |31 is unseated whereupon iiuid supplied to chamber |60 by operation ci the valvevdevice Il@ in the manual controller t will ow to pipe |98 and through the restriction |12 therein to piston chamber |08 at one side of piston |09 in the fuel supply control device When the pressure of'fiuid thus attained in chamber it@ is increased to a degree .sufficient to overcome the opposing pressure or spring int the piston itl! will move in the direction oi the left-hand to a position depending upon the pressure of iuid supplied to the chamber "it, as determined Iby the position of the operating lever lil in the slot |23 and the consequent operation of valve device H6. This movement of piston itil acts to rock lever il of the fuel supply control device out of idling position in the direction of the full speed position. indicated by dash line t, to a position depending upon the pressure of fluid supplied to the chamber m5, If the hand lever lil is moved into engagement with the end oi -slot it@ most remote from slot it, the shoulder itl on the piston rod lill -will move into contact with the end of the casing and lever il will be moved to the full speed position indicated by the dash line t, but for ell lesser degrees or" movement of the lever ill? into slot 23 away from slot 22 the piston and lever will Toe correspondingly positioned.

it will new be seen that regardless o the posi-- tion ci' lever ill in slot 23 the piston controlling the position of the fuel control lever vvlll remain in the position providing for operation of the engine at idling speed so long as the interloci: valve device il remains in the position in which it is shown or until after the pilot piston lfl obtains the position for opening chamber S2 to pipe lt, at which time, the clutch will besubstantlally if not fully engaged in the forward position. in other words, the interlock. valve device i l insures that the fuel supply control lever il will remain in idling position so es to provide for operation of the engine et idling speed until after the clutch arm 3 has been moved to its Forward position, following which the interlock valve device `will operate to permit adjustment oi the fuel control supply lever il to accelerate the engine in accordance with the extent ci movement of lever ill into slot i223,

The choirs llt in pipe le@ is provided to so limit the rate o ow of fluid. under pressure into chamber as to prevent sudden movement oi piston lill and the fuel supply control lever 5 and consequently an excessive rate of acceleration of the engine from idling speed to the speed called for by the position of lever lil, and to also delay or retard acceleration of the engine until the clutch is substantially engaged under a condition requiring maximum movement of the piston it.

With the apparatus conditioned as above described, a craft will be moved in a forwardly direction at a speed dependent upon the position of lever ill inthe slot 23.

il the operator now desires to stop the craft or to disconnect the engine from the propeller,V he moves the lever Hl out of slot |23 into slot |22 and thence back to its lNeutral" position showii in Figs. 1 and 3. As the lever ||'l is thus moved out ot the slot |22, the valve device Ill in the manualV controller 9 operates to release uid under pressure from pipe H9 and thereby from piston chamber |08 in the iuel supply control device 8. This release oi iiuid under pressure from piston chamber |05 is allowed to occur rapidly through check valve |1| in the pipe |08 in order that spring |04 will promptly return the piston "l0-and the fuel supply control lever 5 to the engine idling position shown in the drawing to effect a reduction in the speed of the engine to idling speed. When the lever H1 is returned through slot |22 to its "Neutral" position, the valve device llt in the manual controller 8 will operate to completely vent uid under pressure from pipe iis and thereby chamber 82 at one side ci the pilot piston 16. Upon this reduction in pressure on the pilot piston, the pressure of spring 88 on follower t6 x applied to the pilot piston rod 1 il through shoulder B8 will return the pilot piston from its right-hand position back in the direction of neutral position and at the same time will rock the lever 92 about the fulcrum pin 93 carried by the clutch. control piston rod i9 to thereby actuate thereach rod Se to pull the lever 38 from the right-hand end of slot BB into engagement with shoulder @fi at the left-hand end. This engagement limits the initial movement of the pilot piston li under the action oi spring St but provides such operation of the control lever fit as to effect operation of the valve device flilin the controller t5 to connect chamber 2i at the left-hand side ol the clutch control piston lil -to the atmosphere by wav' of pipe 3i, and at the same time the valve device il in said controller is actuated to establish comm clcation between the fluid pressure supply pipe E32 leading to chamber 3e ai. tlierlg'htfnerid side of the clutch control piston itl.

With the pilot piston itl in its righthandor forward position the is open to chamber s as above described. e, l of this. the pressure oi huid in pipe QS thereby in chamber il@ of the interlock va've den o vice l@ and in chamber lett o the cut-noli vaxfe 5 il and it so that further release of huid under pressure from chamber H9 and M5 in the inter lock and cut-off valve devices will then occur throughchamber i9 and bore llt in the pistou rod i5 to the atmosphere. 'With the structure shown in Fig. 5, this reduction in pressure in diaphragm chamber ist will occur past the checlr valve i'lll as will-be apparent. f

When the pressure of iluid in chamber i'lil of the interlock valve device is thus reduced suii'iciently, spring i623 will act to return the piston ist to its normal position shown, whereupon spring i will seat the supply valve ll and unseat valve iS so as toppen pipe il, connected with the rfuel control device to the atmosphere, to thereby insure complete venting of chamber lllt by way o check valve and, as a result. movement of the fuel device control lever 6 to its engine idling position.

When the pressure of uid in diaphragm charnber |48 of the cut-ofi valve device it is reduced sufiiciently as above described, spring |93 will return said diaphragm to its normal position shown, whereupon spring |49 will unseat the valve |49 and seat the valve I4|. With the valve |49 thus unseated, fluid under pressure will be supplied from the supply pipe |44 to pipe 82, so

that with pipe 82 open to pipe 32 by way of the valve device 4| in the controller 35, as above described, uid under pressure will flow to chamber 39 at the righthand side of the clutch control piston I8 for moving same in the direction of the left-hand to thereby move the clutch control lever 3 from its Forward" position back toward Neutrai position.

As the piston i9 is thus urged in the direction of the left-hand, a corresponding movement of the lower end of lever 92 will occur to allow spring 89 to return the pilot piston 14 toward its neutral position while maintaining the upper end of lever 82 in the condition holding lever 39 against stop 64 at the left-hand end of slot 49.

Movement of the pilot piston 'I4 along with the main piston I8 in the direction of the left-hand as Just described will cease in neutral position due to the stop 88 on the piston stem 'I5 engaging the closed end of cylinder 'i3 to relieve said piston of the force of said spring and also due to the fact that chambers 82 and 89 at the opposite sides of the pilot piston will both be substantially at atmospheric pressure. The clutch control piston I9 following closely the movement of the pilot piston 14 will however continue movement toward l the left-hand after the pilot piston 'i4 stops in its neutral position due to the fact that the valve device 4I in the controller 39 will still be supplying fluid under pressure to chamber 39 at the right-hand side of piston. This continued movement oi' piston I 9 will rock the lever 92 in a clockwise direction about its fulcrum connection with the pilot piston rod I5 and thereby actuate the reach rod 88 to move the controller lever 39 back to its neutral position, which position will be attained at substantially the time the clutch control piston I8 attains its neutral position. This return of lever 89 to its neutral position will efi'ect operation of the valve device 4I to release fluid under pressure from chamber 39 to the atmosphere, whereupon movement of the piston I8 will cease substantially in its neutral position with the chambers at both sides of the piston open to the atmosphere. clutch control piston I8 from adjacent the righthand end of the cylinder I5 to its neutral position will rock the clutch control lever 8 from its Forward position back to its "Neutral position. as will be apparent.

As above described, the initial venting or start of release of fluid under pressure from chambers |19 and |48 in the interlock and cut-oil valve devices |I and I9 respectively may occur by way of pipe |49 and chamber 82 before the pilot piston 'I4 starts moving from its right-hand position back toward neutral, and then the further and complete venting will occur through said pipe and chamber 18 between the two piston heads 11 and 'I8 after the pilot piston moves the lever 39 into contact with stop 64 at the left-hand end of slot 49. The apparatus may be so arranged that the interlock valve device I I and cut-olliV valve device I9 will operate as hereinbefore described in response to either the initial venting of fluid under pressure by way of chamber 82 or the final venting through chamber 'i9 between the two piston heads, as desired.

Ii' the operator desires now to propel the craft Thisy return of the' rearwardly.' he will move the lever I'Il from its "Neutral" position through the slot |22 in the direction of the left-hand, as viewed in Fig. 1, and thereby toward the stern of the craft to the junction of slot 22 with slot |24 and he may then move the lever into the slot |24 to a position ior providing a desired engine speed or output. The engine will not however be accelerated at this time due to the interlock valve device |I opening the fuel control supply chamber |99 to the atmosphere.

When the lever ||1 is moved to the left-hand end of slot |22. the valve device I I8 in the manual controller 9 will be operated to supply fluid under pressure to pipe I through which it will flow to chamber 89 at one side of the pilot piston 'i4 whereupon the pilot piston will move toward the left-hand to actuate the controller 39 to supply fluid to chamber 39 at the right-hand side of the clutch control piston I8. The clutch control piston |8 will then move in the direction of the left-hand and a, corresponding movement of the pilot piston 14 will occur until shoulder 8'I on stop 85 engages the stop ring 99 to limit movement of the pilot piston. With the pilot piston in contact with ring 99, pipe |49 will be opened to chamber 89 at the right-hand side of the pilot piston. After this connection is established and the clutch arm 3 obtains its "Reverse position, the cut-off valve device I9 will operate as above described to cut-off the supply of fluid under pressure to chamber 39 at the right-hand side of the clutch control piston I9 and then vent said chamber to atmosphere to relieve the clutch arm 3 of force, and the,power control interlock valve device II will also operate to establish communication between pipes I29 and |98.

When the lever Ill is moved into the slot |24, it will cause operation of the valve device IIE to supply fluid to pipe ||8 at a pressure depending upon the extent of movement of said lever away from the junction of slot |24 with slot |22. The pressure of fluid thus supplied to pipe I8 will shift the check valve |15 to its lower seated position for closing communication between pipes |29 and |l9 and for opening pipe |29 to pipe |I8 whereupon fluid supplied to pipe IIB will fiow through pipe |29 to the interlock valve device After the valve |51 in the interlock valve device opens, fluid will flow from pipe |29 to the fuel supply control device 8 to adjust the fuel supply control piston |29 and arm 5 to provide for operation of the engine at the desired chosen speed determined by the position of lever I'I.

From the above description it will be seen that operation of the apparatus to provide for moven ment of the craft backwardly is just the reverse of that which provides for movement of the craft forwardly. Also, if it is desired to stop the craft when moving backwardly, the control lever IIl need only be returned to its Neutral position shown, whereupon the apparatus will operate in substantially the same manner as hereinbefore described to return the clutch lever 3 t0 its Neutral position for disconnecting the engine from the propeller and for returning the fuel control supply lever 5 to Idling" position upon or prior to disengagement of the clutch in the sam manner as above described. i

It is desired to point out that the communication slots |22, |23, and |24 in the manual controiler 9 provide for natural movements of lever to control movement of the craft in accordance with the desired direction of movement and for also controlling the speed of the engine in 23 will then be disengaged in reverse position and next engaged in forward position and then the interlock valve. device will operate to provide for acceleration of the engine to the degree provided for by the position of lever in slot |28.

It will be noted that the operator can never cause operation of the engine at a speed above idling while the clutch is disengaged, acceleration of the engine being possible only after substantial engagement of the clutch has occurred.'

In order to insure full movement of lever ||1 from its "Neutral" position to either of its clutch engaging positions at opposite ends of .slot |22 the interior top surface of cover |2| secured to the body portion ||2 of the manual controller is, as best shown in Fig. 3, in the form of an inverted V as viewed in a plane bisecting the slot |22 lengthwise thereof. A shoe |18 is sliiiably mounted on the lever |i1 within the cover |2| and is urged into contact with this surface by a spring |19. The force with which the snee |18 is pressed into contact with the interiorsloping surface of the cover by spring |18 will automatically move the lever ||1 from either end of the slot 22 to the neutral position of the lever when the lever is not subject to manual force. In order to engage the clutch, the operator must therefore move the lever to eitherone end or the opposite end of the slot |22 against the force between shoe |18 and the interior of the cover due to the action of spring |19 and then hold the lever in this position or else move the lever out of the slot |22 into either of the slots |28 or |24 in order to obtain the desired clutch operation. 'I'he interior surface of the cover |2| lengthwise of the slots |23 or |24 is such that when the lever ||1 is moved into either oi these slots, the force of the shoe |18 against the cover will maintain the lever ||1 in any position to which it has been moved. Thus the operator may adjust the lever in either of the slots |23 or |28 to provide a desired engine speed and the lever will remain in the adjusted position when relieved of manual force.

Description-Figure 6 If desired, the pilot device 18 may be constructed as shown in Fig. 6. This structure comprises a pilot piston |88 embodying a single pressure head provided with suitable packing, such as a ring |88 for preventing leakage of fluid under pressure from one side of the piston to the opposite side. This piston has a neutral position as shown in the drawing and two extreme positions which may be dened in any suitable manner as by stops 88 and 86 (not shown) but like employed in the pilot device shown in Fig. 1. The piston |88 has at its opposite sides chambers 88 and 82 which are connected respectively to pipes and H8, the same as in the structure shown in Fig. 1. A pipe |81 is connected to the casing at such a point adjacent one end thereof as to be opened to chamber 82 upon movement of the piston |85 to its extreme right-hand position and a pipe |88 is connected adjacentl the opposite end of the casing at such a point as to be opened to chamber 88 upon movement of piston |85 to its exteme left-hand position.

'Ihe two pipes |81 and |88 lead to the opposite ends of a double check valve device |88 having s. side outlet connected to pipe |48 leading to the cut-ofi. valve device IU and interlock valve device Il. This check valve device comprises a casing having two chambers |98 and |8| constantly open to pipes |88 and |81, respectively, and connected to each other by a bore |82. A

valve |88 is contained in chamber |88, and an oppooitely disposed valve |8415 contained in chamber |8| and these valves are connected for movement in unison by a stem |88 of smaller diameter than and extending through the bore |82. When the valves |88 and |84 are in the positions shown, the valve |88 is arranged to close communication between chamber |88 and bore |82 while the valve |84 opens communication between said bore and chamber |81. The valve |84 is arranged for movement in the direction of the left-hand for closing communication between chamber |8| and bore |82 and at the same time thevalve |88 will be positioned to open chamber |88-to bore |82.

In practice, when the manual controller 9 is moved to the right-hand end of slot |22 for eifecting forward movement of the craft, the fluid pressure supplied to pipe ||8 will flow to chamber 82 and act on the piston |85 for effecting movement thereof in the direction of the righthand end of the casing the same as occurs with the pilot piston 14 shown in Fig. 1 and above described. The fluid pressure thus supplied to chamber. will also flow through pipe |88 to chamber |88 in the double check valve device |89 and therein act on valve |88 for seating same and at the same time unseating the valve |84. With the valve |84 unseated, pipe |48 is open to pipe |81 which with piston |85 at the lefthandsicle of the pipe |81 is vented to the atmosphere through chamber 88 and pipe Ill leading to the manual controller 8. As a result, the cut-off valve device I8 and interlock valve device ||`will occupy the same positions as shown in Fig. 1 at this time.

When the pilot piston |85 however obtains its right-hand extreme position, the pipe |81 will be open to chamber 82, so that uid supplied to said chamber for moving said piston will then flow through said pipe and past thecheck valve |84 to pipe |48 ,and thence to the clit-off valve device I8 for effecting operation thereof to cutoff the supply of fluid under pressure to chamber 2| at the left-hand side of the clutch control piston |8 and, at the same time, uid supplied to pipe |48 will also cause operation of the interlock valve device I I to'connect the fuel' supply control device 8 to the manual 'controller 8 for control therefrom, in the same manner as above described in connection with the structure shown in Fig. l.

Subsequent return of operating lever ||1 toward Neutral position or to the. opposite end of the slot |22 and opening of pipe i8 to the atmosphere will result in the venting of fluid under pressure from chamber 82 at one side of the pilot piston |88 and thus from the cut-olf valve device I0 and interlock valve device by way of pipe |81, so

' long as pipe |81 is open to chamber 82 at the lefthand side of piston |85. Subsequent movement of the piston |85 from the right-hand end of the casing past the pipe 81 will however, connect pipe |48 to chamber 88 and thereby to the atmosphere through chamber 88 and pipe with the control lever inthe neutral position, this corresponding to that attained through chamber 18 provided between the two piston heads 11 and 18 of the pilot piston 14 shown in Fig. 1. Upon this f release of iluid under pressure from pipe |49, the out-oi! valve device and interlock valve device will operate in the same manner as before described in connection with the structure shown in Fig. 1.

-In case. however, the operating lever ||1 is and thereby chamber 88 at the right-hand side of the pilot piston |88 at substantially the same time as chamber 82 at the opposite side of said piston is opened to the atmospherethrough pipe IIII. In this case, the cut-on valve device Ill and interlock valve device I| will operate in response to the reduction in pressure through pipe |81 while open to chamber 82, in the same manner as before described. However, as soon as the piston |85 moves away from the right-hand end` of the casing a distance suillcient to open pipe |81 to chamber 80 which is being supplied with iluid pressure, such iiuid pressure will tend to become effective through pipe |87 and the double check valve device |89 and pipe M9 on the cut-ofi? valve device and interlock valve device. time as this is occurring, however, the pressure in chamber 82 at the opposite side of the pilot piston is being vented. When this pressure in chamber d2 acting on the valve |93 in the double check valve device is reduced below the pressure building up in chamber I-SI on the check valve ist, the check valve Iss will be seated and the check valve |93 unseated to thereby connect the cut-ofi valve device l and interlock valve device I I to the reducing pressure in chamber 82 at the left-hand side of the pilot piston |85. The cutoi valve device Iii will therefore be maintained in the position for supplying fluid under pressure to actuate the clutch control piston I, while the interlock valve device II will be maintained in the position to prevent acceleration of the engine until the pilot piston |85 substantially obtains its extreme left-hand position in which the pipe |88 is opened to chamber 80. When this connection is attained, fluid pressure effective in chamber 8|) will then ilow through pipe |88 and past the check valve |83 in the double check valve device |89 to pipe |48 for causing operation of the cutoff valve device I and interlock valve device II in the same manner as above described.

Other operations of this structure as in response to movement of the control lever I from Neutral" position to the left-hand end of slot |22 or out of the slot |24 through the slot |22 and into slot |23, or vice versa, will be apparent from the above description and from the description in connection with the structure shown in Fig. 1 and therefore will be omitted.

Description-Figure 7 The cut-off valve device III and interlock valve device I I may if desired be controlled by a structure like shown in Fig. 'l in which the vpipe '|49 is connected to the side outlet of double check valve |85 which structurally is like the double check valve I2 shown in Fig. 1. The opposite ends of this check valve are connected to pipes IIU and III whereby upon supply of uid under pressure to either one of these pipes by operation of the manual controller 9 for effecting operation of the pilot piston, fluid at the same time will also flow from the pipe thus supplied with fluid under pressure through the double check valve device |96 to pipe |49, and provide the same increase in pressure in chamber |68 of the cut-off valve device and chamber |70 of the interlock valve device as is effective on the pilot piston. According to this structure, spring |53 in the cut-off valve device Iii and spring |68 in the interlock valve device II exert sucient pressures on the diaphragm |41 and piston |64 respectively to hold said diaphragm and piston in the positions shown in Fig.

At the same I until after the pressure is increased in'either' pipe I l0 or pipe I I to the degree required to ensure movement of the pilot piston 'Il into either one or the other of its extreme positions so as to thereby insure maintenance of the fluid pressure supply through pipe 82 tothe clutch control piston I8 for moving same to eitherits forward or reverse position and for also maintaining the fuel` supply arm '5 in idling position until after piston 8 obtains said position. A slight further increase in pressure in pipe III! or pipe will then operate the cut-oi! valve device and interlock valve device to relieve the load of piston I8 from the clutch arm 3 and to provide for acceleration of the engine in accordance with the desire of the operator. f

Upon movement of lever II'| from either end of the slot |22 back to Neutral" position, the cut-oir valve device |0 and interlock valve device II will return to their normal positions shown upon the initial reduction in pressure in pipe H0 or lil and thus in pipe M8 through the check valve |86, to thereby insure that the arm E of the fuel supply device will be returned to idling position prior to disengagement of the clutch. In case the lever I Il is moved from its Forward" position to its Reverse position or vice versa, the consequent reduction in pressure in either one oi pipes Ii or III will cause movement of the cut-ofi valve device I8 and interlock valve device II to the positions shown in Fig. 1 in which they will remain until the pressure in the other pipe II B or III is subsequently increased tothe degree required for moving the clutch to its other position at which time the cut-oil valve device will again operate to remove the load on piston I8 and the interlock valve device will operate to provide for acceleration of the engine as will be readily apparent from the above description.

Description- Figure 8 In the structures shown in Figs. 1 and 6 operation, of the cut-off valve device I0 and interlock valve device II upon movement of lever Ill to either one end or the other of slot |22, is controlled by the position of the pilot piston 'H and is thus operative indirectly in accordance with the position of the clutch control piston i8. clutch arm 3 and clutch part. controlled thereby. In the structure shown in Fig. 'l the operation of these devices is also indirect in accordance with the position of the clutch control piston I8 in that their operation upon movement of lever II1 to either end of slot |22 is delayed until a suillcient pressure is obtained on the pilot piston to move itto either one or the other of its extreme positions. If desired however the operation of the cut-ofi and interlock valve devices may be controlled directly inaccordance with the position of the clutch control piston I8 by a structure such as shown in Fig. 8.

According to this modiication the pressure head Il shown in Fig. 1 applied to one end of the cylinder I5 is replaced .by a pressure head 200 and the pressure head T3 (Fig. 1) ofy the pilot cylinder device III is replaced by a head 20|, one side of which is mounted against the pressure head 200 over and closing one end of a bore 203 which contains a valve in the form of a. piston 284. At the side of this piston'adjacent the pilot device I0 is a chamber 205 connected .to a. passage 206 which is open. to chamber I9 between the pressure heads 'Il and I8 of the pilot piston 11i, like pipe |49 in the structure shown in Fig. 1.

27 At the opposite side of piston 204 is a. non-pres sure chamber 216 which is constantly open to the atmosphere through a passage 201.

The pipe |49 connected to the cut-off valve device i and interlock valve device li, is in this embodiment connected through the pressure head 200 to bore 203 intermediate the ends thereof. This connection -between pipe |49 and bore 203 is such that with the piston in its upper position as shown, said pipe will be open to the atmosphere through passage 201, while in a lower position of piston 204, which will be later described. the pipe |49 will be open to passage 206 leading to the pilot piston 14.

The piston 204 has a stem 208 extending through the non-pressure chamber 2|9 for engagement with a control plunger 209 arranged above and parallel to the piston rod i9, this plunger being mounted to slide in a bore in pressure head 200 and being provided outside the pressure head with a slot 2|0 through which extends a pin 2li securedin lev'er 92 intermediate the connections between said lever and the piston rod i9 and pilot piston rod 15. In the side of plunger 209 adjacent the end of stem 208 are two spaced notches providing an eleva-ted surface 2I2 formed between two lower surfaces 2|3 and 2|4 and which constitute a track for defining two different positions of stem 208 and piston 204. With stem 209 in contact with surface 2|2 the piston will be elevated to the position shown for opening pipe |49 to the lower side of the piston and thus to the atmospheric passage 201. With.stem 208 in contact with either surface 2|3 or 2|4, the piston 204 will be lowered to a position in which pipe |49 is opened to chamber 205 above the piston and thereby to passage 20%` leading to the pilot piston 14. The surface 2i2 is connected to the surfaces 2|3 and 2id by diagonal surfaces as shown in order that the plunger 209 upon movement in its bore may urge the piston from its lower position to its upper position, in which it is shown in the drawing.

When the pilot piston 14 and clutch control piston i9 are in their neutral positions shown, the pin 2|| in lever 92 will be in engagement with either one end of the slot 2|0 or the opposite end depending upon the position which the clutch piston i8 occupied just prior to movement' to its neutral position. With the plunger 209 in either of these positions, the piston stem 208 will be in contact with the surface 2|2 at either one end or the opposite end thereof in order to maintain the piston 204 in its upper position, so that pipe |49 will be open to the atmosphere.

Now letit be assumed that the manual controller 9 (Fig. 1) is operated to supply fluid under pressure to pipe H0 for effecting movement of the clutch arm 9 from its Neutral position to its "forward position. This supply of fluid under pressure to pipe ||0 will actuate the pilot piston 14 to cause movement of the clutch control piston I9 from its neutral position in the direction of the right-hand end of the cylinder i in the same manner as before described. The plunger the flow of fluid from passage 208 to pipe |49 in this structure will at this time be blocked by piston 204, which will be still held above the connection with pipe |49 by plunger 209. However, as the clutch control piston I8 approaches the right-hand end of cylinder I5. the surface 2|2 on plunger 209 will be moved out of contact with the end of piston stem 209 and the surface 2|4 on the plunger will be moved beneath the stem at substantially the time the clutch control piston attains the position in which the clutch arm 3 will be in "Forward position. With the surface 2|4 thus positioned beneath stem 209. the pressure of fluid supplied through passage 206 to chamber 209 above the piston 204 will move said piston downwardly past the connection ybetween pipe |49 and bore 209 and fluid supplied past thel pilot piston 14 to chamber 200 will then ilow through pipe |49 to the cut-off valve device I0 and interlock valve device for effecting operation thereof in the same manner as before described. This operation of the cut-off 'valve device and interlock valve device. it will be noted. is dependent upon the clutch con trol piston I8 attaining u. chosen position and is thereby directly controlled in accordance with such position.

Now if the operator desires to move the clutch arm 3 from Forward" position back to "Neutrai, he operates the manual controller 9 to release iiuid under pressure from pipe ||0 to permit the pilot `piston to return toward neutral position to actuate the controller lever 39 to open chamber 2| to the atmosphere and open chamber 30 to pipe 82. Fluid under pressure will be released from pipe |09 past the piston valve 204 by way of pipe ||0 before the pilot piston starts moving out of its right-hand position and by way of chamber 19 subsequent to such movement to cause the cut-olf valve device and interlock valvefdevice to operate in the same manner as before described to provide for reducing the speed oi' the engine to idling and to supply iiuid under pressure to pipe 82 and thence through the controller 35 to chamber 90 at one side of piston i9. The clutch control piston I8 will then be moved back in the direction of neutrai position and the pilot piston 14 will move -therewith until its neutral position is attained,

209 will move with the piston i9 as will be appar ent. At the time the pilot piston' 14 moves substantially into its right-hand position, the passage 209 will be opened to pressure chamber 82. so that fluid may then flow into said passage.

This supply of fluid to passage 206 will not however cause operation of the interlock valve device and cut-oil' valve device i0 at this instant like the supply of fluid past the pilot piston 14 in the structure shown in Fig. 1, since following which the further movement of the clutch control piston I9 to its neutral position will operate the controller to cut-off the supply of fluid under pressure to chamber 30 and then vent said chamber at the time said piston attains its neutral position so as to prevent further movement thereof.

As the clutch control piston is thus returned to its neutral position, it moves relative to plunger 209 until the pin 2li in lever 92 engages the left-hand end of slot 2| 0 after which the rod 209 is moved along with the piston i8. When the piston i8 `obtains its neutral position the plunger 209 will be so positioned that the stem 209 depending from. the piston 204 will be in contact with the left-hand end of the surface 2|2 whereby the piston 204 will be elevated to the position shown for closing communication between passage 208 and pipe |49 and for opening said pipe to the atmosphere through passage 201.

The operation of this structure in response to movement of the control lever ||1 to the left-hand end of slot |22 for effecting movement of the clutch control arm to Reverse" position t'is substantially the same as just described for 29 moving the clutch arm 3 to its Forward" position and therefore will not be described.

In this embodiment it is important to note that since the piston 204 is controlled directly in accordance with the position of the clutch control piston I8 the operation of the cut-oil' valve device and interlock valve device are also directhr controlled inV accordance with the position of piston |8 to thereby ensure definite positioning of piston I8 before operation of the cut-off valve device to relieve the actuating pressure on piston I8 and also before the interlock valve device operates to provide for acceleration of the engine.

Communication between pipes I||| or and passage 208 leading to plunger 203 is interlocked through the pilot piston 14 in this embodiment only for the purpose of disconnecting passage 286 from the one of said pipes which is open to the atmosphere through the manual controller 8 when said manual controller ls operated to control the clutch through the other or" said pipes.

Description-Figure 9 According to this embodiment of the invention a manual controller 2li is used in place of the controller 9 shown in Fig. 1 `for controlling the positioning of clutch arm 3 and the speed of the engine.

The manual controller 2|1 comprises a body portion 2id containing two valve devices 228 and 228 arranged to supply and release uid under pressure to and from pipes 228 and 222, respectively. Each of these valve units may be identical to the structure shown in Fig. i and are disposed at opposite sides of the operating lever i i1 with the valve unit 2lb located at the side of the lever adjacent the front end of the craft. A cover 223 is secured to the body portion 2| 8 and this cover has a slot 224 extending parallel to the length of the craft and through which the operating lever iIl extends, said slot providing for movement of said lever from a. neutral position in which it is shown only in directions toward the front or stern of the craft.

Upon movement of lever |i1 from neutral position forward of the craft toa position indicated by a line bearing a legend Forward" the valve device 2I9 isoperative to supply fluid at a certain limited degree of pressure such as ten pounds,

' to the pipe 22|, while upon further movement in a zone bearing the legend "Speed control" the valve device 2|9 is operative to increase the pressure in pipe 22| to a, degree above ten pounds corresponding to the extent of forward movement of the lever in said zone. Movement of the lever il'l toward the stern of the craft is arranged to `operate the valve device 228 to provide a certain pressure such as ten pounds in pipe 222 at the time the lever attains the position bearing the legend Reverse, while upon further movement of the lever into the zone indicated as "Speed control the valve device is operative to increase the pressure in pipe 222 in accordance with the extent of movement ln said zone.

The pipes 22| and 222 lead to pressure chambers 225 and 228 provided at one side of two pistons 221 and 22d in two like clutch control valves 222 and 23d, respectively.

In addition to piston 221 the clutch control valve 22d comprises two oppositely seating valves 23l and 232 disposed in coaxial relation with saidpiston at one side thereof. The valve 232 iscontained in a chamber 233 which is constantly supplied with uid under pressure by way of a pipe 284 connected with any suitable fluid pressure source. The valve 23| is cmtained in a chamber 238 which is in constant communication with the atmosphere through a port `238. These valves have oppositely disposed nuted stems slidably mounted in bores and engaging each other in a chamber 231 which is in constant communication withv pipe Il leading to the pilot device 10. The piston 221 has a stem 238 extending through a bore opening to chamber 235 and in this stem is a plunger 233 extending through the end of the stem for engagement with valve 23| and a spring 240 acting on said plunger urging same in a direction out of the end of the stem. The nt between the stem 238 and the bore in the casing is such that the chamber below piston 221 will be opento chamber 235 and thereby to the atmosphere through passage 236 at all times.

A spring 2M in chamber 233 acts on the valve 232 with such force as to insure seating of valve 232 and unseating of valve 23| when the pressure in chamber 225 above the piston 221 is below a certain degree and to provide vfor seating of the valve 23| and unseating of the valve 232 by movement of piston 221 when piston 221 is subject to fluid in chamber 225 at the pressure provided in the Forward positiony of the operating lever ill.

The clutch control valve 230 comprises two oppositely seating valves 242 and 243 contained in chambers 26d and 245v open respectively to the atmospheric passage 23B and uid pressure supply pipe 234. IThese valves also have tluted stems extending into engagement with each other in a chamber 24S to which pipe I is constantly connected. The piston 228 has a stem 241 containing a plunger 248 engaging the valve 242 and a spring 248 acting on the plunger 248. The stem 241 also has a sufllciently loose fit in the bore in which it operates to provide for the chamber at the lower side of the piston being open to the atmosphere by way of chamber 244. A spring 250 in chamber 245 acts on the valve 243 with such force as to hold same seated and the valve 242 unseated when the pressure of fluid in chamber 226 on the top of the piston 228 is less than a certain'degree and to provide for seating of valve 242 and unseating of valve 243 when the pressure in said chamber is increased to the degree provided in "Reverse" position of the operating lever ||1.

From the above description it will be seen that when the operating lever is moved to Forward" position, the'uid pressure supplied to chamber 225 will move the piston 221 downwardly for closing valve 25| and opening valve 232.I With the valve 232 open, iuid under pressure will flow from chamber 233 to chamber 231 and thence through pipe Ilo for effecting operation of the pilot device 1d and clutch control pistonv I8 to move the clutch lever 3 ,from Neutral" position to its "Forwardl position. On the other hand, if the lever lll is moved to Reverse position, the fluid pressure supplied to chamber 226 will actuate piston 228 to close the valve 242 and unseat the valve 243 for thereby supplying fluid under pressure to pipe for effecting operation of the pilot device 18 and clutch piston I8 to move the clutch lever from Neutral position to its "Reverse" position.

The pipes 22| and 222 are connected to the opposite ends of a double check valve device 25|, the side outlet of which is connected to pipe |08 leading to the fuel supply control device`8. 'I'he spring 252 which acts on the piston with such force as to maintain the piston in its engine idling position shown against pressure of fluid attained in pipes 22| or 222 when the operating lever ||1 is in either its Forward or its Reverse position. It will be noted that when the lever ||1 is moved to its Forward position, fluid supplied to pipe 22| will flow through the double check valve 25| and pipe |08 to chamber in the fuel supply control device 8, while, when the lever is moved to Reverse position this chamber will be supplied with uid under pressure from pipe 222 throughthe double check valve device 25|. Thus when the operating lever ||1 is moved to either its "Forward" or Reverse position for engaging the clutch as above described, the same pressure as provided in pipe 22| or 222 for causing operation of the clutch arm 8 will be effective in chamber |05 of the fuel supply control device 8, which pressure however will not move the piston |00 in said device out of its engine idling position shown in the drawing.

To move fthe piston |00 in the fuel supply control device 8 out of idling position the lever ||1 must be moved either beyond the Forward position or Reverse position into the zone pro viding for speed control to thereby provide a greater degree of pressure in either pipe 22| or pipe 222 and thereby' in chamber |05 on piston |00 of fthe fuel supply control device 1. 'Ihis greater pressure obtained in chamber |05 will then move piston |05 out of idling position for accelerating the engine to a degree dependent upon the distance the piston is moved from its idling position shown, and which in turn depends uponr the extent of movement of the operating lever away from either the Forward or Reverse" position into one or the other of the speed control zones.

When the operator desires to move the clutch control lever 3 to Neutral" position when the craft is moving either forwardly or in reverse, he returns the lever to neutral position shownand during such movement it will be seen that the pressure in chamber |05 of the fuel supply control device 8 will reduce to the degree providing for` movement of piston |00 back to its engine idling position, before the pressure in chamber 225 or 228 of the clutch control valves 229 or 230, respectively, becomes reduced sufficiently for piston 221 or 228 to return to its upper position for cutting off the supply of fluid under pressure to pipe ||0 or and venting said pipe so as to cause disengagement of the clutch.

Thus, with this .structure the parts controlling the clutch will operate to effect engagement of the clutch before fthe fuel supply control device operates to accelerate the engine and said device will operate to provide for reducing the speed of the engine to idling before said parts operate to effect disengagement of the clutch. 0f importance is the fact that these controls are attained merely by movement of the lever il'i in a straight line from its neutral position, the lever being movable in the direction of the front of the craft when movement of the craft in that direction is desired and toward the stern of the craft when movement in reverse is desired and acceleration of the engine being controlled by further movements of said lever in the same direction.

Like the manual controller 8 a spring pressed shoe |18 on the operating lever |i1 may engage a surface on the interior of the cover portion 2|1. This surface between the forward and reverse positions is arcuate in shape to provide for` auto- 32 matic return of the lever to neutral'position from either Forward or "Reverse positions upon release of the lever by the operator. Beyond the "Forward .or Reverse" positions the inner surface of the cover is engaged by the shoe |10 which surface is disposed. at right angles to the lever ||1 when the lever is in its neutral position so that friction between the shoe |18 and these portions ofrthe surface will hold the lever ||1 in any desired position in either of the speed control zones without manual effort.

Description-Figure 10 According to this embodiment a manual controller 255 is provided for controlling operation onlygof the clutch control pilot device 10 and thereby the clutch actuating piston |8, and a separate controller 258 is provided for controlling operation of the fuel supply control device 8 and thereby the speed of the engine. The controller 255 may be the same as the controller 8 except that fthe valve umts ||8 and ||5 and the slots |23 and |24 are omitted. In other words, this control valve has only a slot |22 providing for movement of lever ||1 either toward the front or toward the stern of the craft to provide for control of the clutch.

The controller 258 may be of any suitable type comprising an operating handle 251 having an idling position such as shown in the drawing for effecting a release of uid under pressure from piston chamber |05 in the fuel supply control .device 8 in order to provide for operation of the engine at idling speed The handle may be movable from this position through a zone to a. position indicated by a line 258 for supplying fluid to chamber |05 in the fuel supply control device 8 at a pressure dependent upon the extent of movement from idling position, the maximum degree -of pressure and therefore operation` of the engine at full speed or full output being attained with the handle 251 in the position indicated by line ,tains a piston 280 having a stem 28| so arranged as to engage an extension 282 of lever.251. The piston 280 has at one side a pressure chamber 283 connected to a pipe 284 leading to the side outlet of a double check valve device 285. At the opposite side of the piston is a spring 288 acting on the piston for urging same in the direction of the extension 282 of lever 25.1. With the lever 251 in any position out of its idling position, the spring is operative through the piston 280 and plunger 26| to move the lever baci: to idling position when the chamber 283 is at or substantially at atmospheric pressure.

The opposite ends of the double check valve 285 are connected to pipes ||0 and lil'whereby upon supply of fluid under pressure to either of said pipes for effecting movement of the clutch arm 3 to either the Forward or Reverse position fluid will ow through the double check valve device and pipe 284 to chamber 283 and therein act on piston 280 against the spring 288. When the pressure in either pipe I i0 or I is increased to a degree which insures movement of the pilot piston 14 to either of its extreme positions, this pressure then overcomes the opposing pressure of .spring 268 and moves thepiston 280 to a position It will time be seen that when either or the pipes |||i or is supplied with uid at a pressure required for effecting movement of the clutch arm 3 to either its Forward" or Reverse position. the cylinder device 255 will be conditioned to provide 4for desired positioning of the speed control lever 255 between idling position` and the full speed or power position indicated by line 258.

However, when the manual controller 255 is operated to release uid under pressure from either pipe or for effecting movement of the clutch control arm 3 out of either the Forward or- Reverse" position, the spring 255 will act upon initiating such reduction in pressure in either of said pipes andthereby in piston chamber 253 to project the plunger 25| for moving the speed control lever 251 to its idling position in which it will be maintained until uid pressure is subsequently increased in pipe ||0 or pipe to a degree required for positioning the clutch lever 3 in either Forward" or Reverse position.

This structure therefore provides for reducing of the speed of the engine to idling and for maintaining the speed at idling upon disengagement of the clutch and while the clutch is disengaged and further insures against theA engine being accelerated until subsequent engagement of the clutch.

Description-Figure 11 If desired, the device for positioning the clutch operating arm 3 may be of a type capable of control electropneumatically from a manual controller such as the device 5. Such an arrangement is shown in Fig. l1, which arrangement comprises two magnets 210 and 21| arranged for controlling the supply of fluid under pressure to and the release of fluid under pressure from pipes im and iii respectively for controlling the position of the clutch arm 3. Both of these magnets may be identical and may comprise two oppositely seating valves 2l2 and 213 contained in chambers 212 and 215, respectively. A spring 211 in chamber 211i acts on valve 212 for seating same and unseating the valve 213 upon deenerglzation of the controlling magnet. The chamber 214 is constantly supplied with fluid under pressure from a supply pipe 215 while chamber 215 is in constant communication with the atmosphere. v

Energization oi magnet 210 is adapted to' seat valve 213 and unseat the valve 212 to thereby supply fluid under pressure from pipe 215 to pipe |||i for effecting movement of the clutch control arm 3 to its Forward position, while energization of magnet 21| is arranged to cause uid under pressure to be supplied from pipe 215 to pipe for effecting movement of the clutch control arm 3 to its Reverse position, in the saine manner as when. fluid pressure is supplied to either of these pipes by operation of the manual controller 5 shown in Fig. 1.

In this embodiment, the controller 5 is arranged in its forward position to supply fluid under pressure to a pipe 219 and in its reverse position to supply fluid under pressure to a pipe 225i, these pipes corresponding to the pipes il@ and iii connected to the controller in Fig. 1. The pipe 2id leads to a chamber 22| provided at one side of a piston 252, the opposite side of which is subject to the opposing pressure of a spring connect s battery 255 to a wire 255 connected with the electro-magnet 215.

When the controller 5 is moved toward the right-hand to cause movement ol' the craft forwardly, the :duid pressure supplied to pipe 215 will flow to chamber 25| and therein act on piston 252 to effect movement of said piston in the direction of the left-hand. This movement will actuate the switch 254 to connect the battery 255 to wire 255 for thereby effecting energization of the electromagnet 215 to supply fluid under pressure to pipe H0. This supply 0f fluid to pipe ||5 will then actuate the clutch control device 5 to eilect movement of clutch control arm 3 to its Forward" position in the same manner as above described.

Return of the lever ||1 in the manual controller 5 to neutral position will vent fluid under pressure from pipe 215 whereupon spring 253 will return the piston 252 to the position shown for thereby opening the connection between battery 255 and wire 255.101' effecting deenerglzation of the electromagnet 215. This deenergization of electromagnet 215 will in turn release iiuid under pressure from pipe I i0 whereupon the clutch control device will operate to return the clutch control lever 3 from its Forward position to its Neutral" position.

Movement oi the lever I i1 toward the left-hand or stern of the craft will supply fluid under pressure through pipe 285 to a chamber 281 at one side of a piston'288 for actuating said piston to thereby move a switch member 285 into circuit closing relation between battery 255 and a wire 250. The electromagnet 21| will as a result be.

energizedto supply uid. under pressure to pipe whereupon the clutch control device will operate to effect movement of the clutch control arm 5 from its Neutral position to its Reverse" position. Upon return of lever i|1 to its neutral position a spring 25| acting on piston 255 will actuate same and thereby the switch 255 to break the circuit between battery 255 and electromagnet 21| whereupon uid under pressure will be released from pipe and as a result the clutch control device will operate to return the clutch control lever 3 from its "Reverse position to its Neutral" position.

Description-Figure 12 According to this embodiment of the invention the clutch control lever 3 is pivotally connected by a rod 255 to a lever 255 intermediate its ends. One end of the lever 255 is pivotally connected to the end of a. piston rod 251 which projects from a piston 255 mounted to reciprocate in a cylinder 255. The opposite end of the lever 235 is pivotally connected to the end of a piston rod 355' which projects from a piston 30| mounted to reciprocate in a cylinder 352. The two cylinders 255 and 302 are oppositely disposed and arranged one at either side of the lever 255. The piston 292 in cylinder 259 has at one side a pressure chamher 353 en d at the opposite side a pressure chamber 55d, while at opposite sides of the piston 35| are corresponding pressure chambers 355 and 365.

When the pistons 255 and 25| are at the opposite ends of their cylinders and in contact therewith, the clutch control lever 3 will occupy its Neutral position shown. Movement of the piston 252 in the direction oi the right-hand with the piston 25| remaining stationary will rock the lever 255 about the fulcrum connection with pis- 

